Low-organic source rock and highly efficient hydrocarbon generation in the saline basin of the Qaidam Basin, NW China

LI Guoxin, ZHANG Bin, WU Kunyu, WU Songtao, WANG Xiaomei, ZHANG Jing, QI Xuening, ZHANG Na, XING Haoting, XIAN Chenggang, LIU He

doi:10.11698/PED.20230228

Petroleum Exploration and Development >

2023 20231015 - 20231015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11698/PED.20230228

Low-organic source rock and highly efficient hydrocarbon generation in the saline basin of the Qaidam Basin, NW China

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1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
2. China National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing 100007, China;
3. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China;
4. PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company, Dunhuang 736202, China

Received date: 2023-04-29

Revised date: 2023-05-20

Online published: 2023-08-25

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Abstract

The paleontology, geochemistry and hydrocarbon generation simulation are comprehensively used to systematically study the hydrocarbon generation parent material, organic matter enrichment and hydrocarbon generation model of Paleogene source rock in the Qaidam Western Depression, Qaidam Basin, NW China. Three main factors result in low TOC values of source rock in the Qaidam Basin: relatively poor nutrient supply causes the undeveloped algal blooms, too fast inorganic deposition rate causes the dilution of organic matter, and high organic matter conversion efficiency causes the low residual organic carbon. For this type of hydrogen-rich organic matter, due to the reduction of organic carbon during hydrocarbon generation, TOC needs to be restored based on maturity before evaluation when evaluating organic matter abundance. The hydrocarbon generation of source rocks in the saline lake basin of the Qaidam Basin includes two parts: soluble organic matter and insoluble organic matter. Among them, soluble organic matter is mainly inherited from organisms and preserved in saline lake basins. It generates hydrocarbons during low evolution stages, and the formed hydrocarbons are rich in complex compounds such as NOS, and undergo secondary cracking to form light components in the later stage; the hydrocarbon generation model of insoluble organic matter conforms to the traditional "Tissot" model, with an oil generation peak corresponding to Ro=1.0%.

Key words： Qaidam Basin; saline lake; low TOC value; shale oil; high efficient hydrocarbon generation; hydrocarbon generation model

Cite this article

LI Guoxin, ZHANG Bin, WU Kunyu, WU Songtao, WANG Xiaomei, ZHANG Jing, QI Xuening, ZHANG Na, XING Haoting, XIAN Chenggang, LIU He . Low-organic source rock and highly efficient hydrocarbon generation in the saline basin of the Qaidam Basin, NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2023 : 20231015 -20231015 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.20230228

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