Hydrocarbon accumulation in basement reservoirs and exploration targets of deep basement reservoirs in onshore China

WANG Zecheng, JIANG Qingchun, WANG Jufeng, CHENG Honggang, SHI Yizuo, SUN Qisen, JIANG Hua, ABULIMITI Yiming, CAO Zhenglin, XU Yang, LONG Guohui, LU Jiamin, HUANG Linjun

doi:10.11698/PED.20230233

Petroleum Exploration and Development >

0 20240207 - 20240207

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11698/PED.20230233

Hydrocarbon accumulation in basement reservoirs and exploration targets of deep basement reservoirs in onshore China

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1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China;
2. PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay 834000, China;
3. PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company, Dunhuang 736202, China;
4. PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Co., Ltd., Daqing 163712, China

Received date: 2023-05-04

Revised date: 2023-12-08

Online published: 2023-12-14

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Abstract

Based on the global basement reservoir database and the dissection of basement reservoirs in China, the characteristics of hydrocarbon accumulation in basement reservoirs are analyzed, and the favorable conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation in deep basement reservoirs are investigated to highlight the exploration targets. The results show that the discovered basement reservoirs worldwide are mainly buried in the Archean and Precambrian granitic and metamorphic formations with depths less than 4500 m, and the relatively large reservoirs have been found in rift, back-arc and foreland basins in tectonic active zones of the Meso-Cenozoic plates. The hydrocarbon accumulation in basement reservoirs exhibits the characteristics in three aspects. First, the porous-fractured reservoirs with low porosity and ultra-low permeability are dominant, where extensive hydrocarbon accumulation occurred during the weathering denudation and later tectonic reworking of the basin basement. High resistance to compaction allows the physical properties of these highly heterogeneous reservoirs to be independent of the buried depth. Second, the hydrocarbons were sourced from the formations outside the basement. The source-reservoir combinations are divided into contacted source rock-basement and separated source rock-basement patterns. Third, the abnormal high pressure in the source rock and the normal-low pressure in the basement reservoirs cause a large pressure difference between the source rock and the reservoirs, which is conducive to the suction charging of hydrocarbons into the deep basement. The deep basement prospects are mainly evaluated by the factors such as tectonic activity of basement, source-reservoir combination, presence of large deep faults (especially strike-slip faults), and regional seals. The Precambrian crystalline basements at the margin of the intra-cratonic rifts, as well as the Paleozoic folded basements and the Meso-Cenozoic fault-block basements adjacent to the hydrocarbon generation depressions, have favorable conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation, and thus they are considered as the main targets for future exploration of deep basement reservoirs.

Key words： basement reservoir; granite reservoir; source-reservoir combination; suction charging; strike-slip fault; deep basement reservoir

Cite this article

WANG Zecheng, JIANG Qingchun, WANG Jufeng, CHENG Honggang, SHI Yizuo, SUN Qisen, JIANG Hua, ABULIMITI Yiming, CAO Zhenglin, XU Yang, LONG Guohui, LU Jiamin, HUANG Linjun . Hydrocarbon accumulation in basement reservoirs and exploration targets of deep basement reservoirs in onshore China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 0 : 20240207 -20240207 . DOI: 10.11698/PED.20230233

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