The role of new energy in carbon neutral

ZOU Caineng,XIONG Bo,XUE Huaqing,ZHENG Dewen,GE Zhixin,WANG Ying,JIANG Luyang,PAN Songqi,WU Songtao

Table 2 Major approaches and the technology maturity of China’s carbon neutral pathway.

Field Approach Technology maturity Reduction source Power New energy power generation Mature, early application Reduce “black carbon” emissions Energy storage technology Mature, early application Enhanced energy conversion efficiency Development phase Carbon capture and sequestration Demonstration phase Reduce “black carbon” Transportation Electro-mobile Early application Reduce “black carbon” emissions Fuel cell power systems Demonstration phase Enhanced power efficiency Development phase Biomass energy replacement Early application Take the availability of "gray carbon" Industry Clean fuel replacement Demonstration phase Reduce “black carbon” emissions Boiler electrification Demonstration phase Increased energy efficiency Development phase Carbon capture and sequestration Demonstration phase Reduce “black carbon” Artificial carbon conversion Demonstration phase Take the availability of “gray carbon” Construction Clean heating replacement Mature, early application Reduce “black carbon” emissions Distributed energy resource Demonstration phase Electrification, heat pump Early application Development of new building materials Development phase Agriculture Agricultural machinery electrification Early application Reduce “black carbon” emissions Crop burning restriction Mature Livestock manure, straw mulching Mature Take the availability of “gray carbon” Forestry Afforestation Mature Take the availability of “gray carbon” Living Green travel Mature Reduce “black carbon” emissions Electric appliance and products recycling Early application Waste disposal and recycling Early application Energy consumption saving Mature